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organic matter
Organic matter or organic material, natural organic matter, NOM is matter composed of organic compounds that has come from the remains of organisms such as plants and animals and their waste products in the environment.〔"Natural Organic Matter," GreenFacts, 22 Apr, 2007 http://www.greenfacts.org/glossary/mno/natural-organic-matter-NOM.htm.〕 Organic molecules can also be made by chemical reactions that don't involve life.〔"NASA Goddard Instrument Makes First Detection of Organic Matter on Mars." NASA. 16 Dec 2014. 25 Mar 2015 〕 Basic structures are created from cellulose, tannin, cutin, and lignin, along with other various proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. It is very important in the movement of nutrients in the environment and plays a role in water retention on the surface of the planet.
==Formation==
Living organisms are composed of organic compounds. In life they secrete or excrete organic materials into their environment, shed body parts such as leaves and roots and after the organism dies, its body is broken down by bacterial and fungal action. Larger molecules of organic matter can be formed from the polymerization of different parts of already broken down matter. The composition of natural organic matter depends on its origin, transformation mode, age, and existing environment, thus its bio-physico-chemical functions vary with different environments.〔Nicola Senesi, Baoshan Xing, and P.M. Huang, Biophysico-Chemical Processes Involving Natural Nonliving Organic Matter in Environmental Systems, New York: IUPAC, 2006.〕
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